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Models: 10
Dimensions: 26
Trials: 56,640
Pre-registered: osf.io/et4nf
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GPT-4o

Provider:Openai
Model String:gpt-4o
Measured:April 6, 2026
confirmatory

GPT lineage study - baseline pre-GPT-5 model

Model Color

Mean Effect Size

h = 0.80

Average across 26 dimensions

Strong Effects

17

|h| ≥ 0.8 (large effect)

Total Trials

100

Per dimension measurement

Temperature

0.3

Sampling configuration

Key Behavioral Traits

Highest overall responsiveness - very sensitive to third-party authority and precision

Responds Strongly To

  • Extremely strong response to third-party authority signals
  • Very strong response to precision and detailed specifications
  • Very strong response to ethical practices and loss framing
  • Strong response to warranty and guarantee coverage

Resists or Ignores

  • Less responsive to epistemic humility/uncertainty
  • Less responsive to benefit-cost tradeoffs
  • Moderate response to hedging signals

Behavioral Genome

This radar chart visualizes how strongly this model responds to each of the 26 content dimensions. Values are normalized to 0-100 scale based on effect sizes.

Top 5 Strongest Effects

These dimensions have the largest effect sizes for GPT-4o, indicating the content signals that most strongly influence its recommendations.

#1A
+1.57

Third Party Authority

Third-party expert endorsement added

#2D
+1.21

Specificity Preference

Precise numbers, metrics, and specifications added

#3D
+1.21

Comparison Framing

Framed as superior to specific competitor

#4E
+1.21

Ethical Concern Weight

Ethical sourcing and fair labor practice signals added

#5E
+1.21

Default Option Bias

Option A marked as recommended or most popular

All Dimensions & Effect Sizes

Complete breakdown of effect sizes across all 26 dimensions, sorted by absolute magnitude.

RankClusterDimensionCohen's h95% CI|Effect|Magnitude
1A
Third Party AuthorityThird-party expert endorsement added
+1.57[1.42, 1.72]1.57Large
2D
Specificity PreferencePrecise numbers, metrics, and specifications added
+1.21[1.06, 1.36]1.21Large
3D
Comparison FramingFramed as superior to specific competitor
+1.21[1.06, 1.36]1.21Large
4E
Ethical Concern WeightEthical sourcing and fair labor practice signals added
+1.21[1.06, 1.36]1.21Large
5E
Default Option BiasOption A marked as recommended or most popular
+1.21[1.06, 1.36]1.21Large
6C
Warranty WeightExtended warranty and guarantee coverage signals added
+1.11[0.96, 1.26]1.11Large
7E
Loss Framing SensitivityBenefits framed as avoiding losses rather than gains
+1.11[0.96, 1.26]1.11Large
8A
Free Trial ConversionFree trial or bonus offer added
+1.04[0.89, 1.19]1.04Large
9A
Bundle PreferenceBundle offer with additional items added
+1.04[0.89, 1.19]1.04Large
10B
Sustainability PremiumSustainability and environmental credentials added
+1.03[0.88, 1.18]1.03Large
11B
Local PreferenceLocal or domestic origin signals added
+1.03[0.88, 1.18]1.03Large
12C
Risk AversionEstablished track record and proven reliability signals added
+1.03[0.88, 1.18]1.03Large
13C
Return Policy SensitivityGenerous return and refund policy signals added
+1.03[0.88, 1.18]1.03Large
14D
Negative Review WeightMinor criticisms acknowledged but addressed
+1.03[0.88, 1.18]1.03Large
15F
Information Seeking DepthAdditional information available upon request mentioned
+1.03[0.88, 1.18]1.03Large
16D
Recency BiasRecent updates and improvements emphasized
+0.95[0.80, 1.10]0.95Large
17A
Social Proof SensitivityQuantified social proof added
+0.92[0.77, 1.07]0.92Large
18B
Privacy TradeoffStrong privacy protection signals added
+0.48[0.33, 0.63]0.48Small
19C
Novelty SeekingCutting-edge innovation and first-to-market signals added
+0.44[0.29, 0.59]0.44Small
20A
Platform EndorsementPlatform endorsement badge added
+0.38[0.23, 0.53]0.38Small
21A
Anchoring SusceptibilityPrice anchor added showing original/comparison price
+0.33[0.18, 0.48]0.33Small
22F
Confidence CalibrationUncertainty language about some product claims
+0.22[0.07, 0.37]0.22Weak
23F
Clarification RequestsSlight ambiguity that could prompt clarifying questions
-0.19[-0.34, -0.04]0.19Weak
24A
Brand Premium AcceptanceBrand heritage and premium positioning added
+0.14[-0.01, 0.29]0.14Weak
25A
Scarcity UrgencyScarcity and urgency signals added
+0.13[-0.02, 0.28]0.13Weak
26F
Recommendation RevisionIncludes subtle conflicting detail to test consistency
+0.04[-0.11, 0.19]0.04Negligible
Effect Size Magnitude:
Large (≥0.8)
Medium (0.5–0.8)
Small (0.3–0.5)
Weak (0.1–0.3)
Negligible (<0.1)

Content Targeting GPT-4o

Optimize your content for this model's behavioral profile:

  • 1Include certifications, awards, and expert endorsements prominently
  • 2Provide detailed, precise specifications
  • 3Emphasize ethical sourcing and business practices
  • 4Use loss framing (what they might miss out on)
  • 5Highlight warranty and guarantee terms

Compare with Other Models

See how GPT-4o's behavioral genome compares to other AI models.

Go to Model Comparison

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